From Moon to Earth with antiwing

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From Moon to Earth with antiwing is sci-fi story about Protagonist "Pro" escaping from the Colony at Moon to the Earth.

Here the only short spoiler and the only technical part of that escapade are uploaded.

The critics and the corrections are welcomed.

Plot

Protagonist Pro lives at colony "Munto" (Moontown) together with 7 other explorers-enthusiasts. After a conflict with his colleagues, Pro decides to leave from the Moon. The contрact does not include the evacuation for personal reasons, and Pro constructs, with moderate help of his new enemies, the special capsule, that can start from the Moon and reach the Earth.

The most difficult part of the escapade of Pro is dissipation of huge kinetic energy before Pro reaches the Earth's troposphere.

Pro approaches Earth in such a way that his capsule would only touch the Earth ionosphere and fly away on the elliptic trajectory.
Pro wants to be not killed by high speed in the atmosphere but still to be trapped at the Earth.

Pro uses the anti-wing in order to stay in Ionosphere having kinetic energy twice larger than that corresponding to the circular low orbit of a satellite.
The huge drug warms the wing, and it is seen from the Earth as a huge bright falling star. Millions observers get their wishes looking at this star.

After to slow-down to the orbital speed, Pro continue losing his kinetic energy, but still does not want to enter the dense atmosphere with a cosmic speed. So, Pro turned his capsule from the up-side-down position to the "normal" orientation; since that, the wing provide the normal lift. The slower is his speed, the less is the centrifugal force and the more lift he needs. Gradually, Pro approaches the Earth from Ionosphere to stratosphere; the drug again heats his wing and again it is seen as bright star in the sky.

Gradually, the speed of Pro reduces below the speed of sound; the centrifugal force does not longer support him, and only the wing keeps his capsule from falling down, but Pro still has huge altitude of tens km above the ground. The temperature of the surface of his capsule reduces; since that, Pro again can use the navigation devices. He measures his coordinates, his altitude and calls the nearby airport for the emergency landing. The spacecraft has huge ratio (wing area)/mass. This ratio allows him to land with small speed at a short runway of a rural airbase. ..

Finger estimates

The most difficult and the most fantastic part of the escape of Pro is dissipation of his huge kinetic energy in the ionosphere of Earth.

The order of magnitude of parameters of this part of flight are estimated in this section.

1. The entry speed of Pro white he approaches the Ionosphere: \[ v \approx 11 \mathrm{km/s} \]

It corresponds to relative kinetic energy \[ E_k = \frac{v^2}{2} \approx 60\ \text{MJ/kg}. \]

This relative energy is twice higher than that of a satellite at a low circular orbit; and the centrifugal force is also twice higher than just the Earth acceleration \(g\).

Pro must dissipate this energy during atmospheric passage, remaining in the upper part of the Earth atmosphere. So, his wing, being directed up-side-down, should provide the anti-lift and keep him from flying away at the elliptic trajectory.

2. The lift/drag ratio for supersonic crafts is not so high as for the most or airplanes. To year 2025, for high supersonic flights, the maximum lift-to-drag ratio of about 5.5 is reported [1].

Thus, at least 20% of the kinetic energy must be converted into drag work during the first radian of flight:

\[ E_{\text{diss,min}} \sim 0.2 E_k \approx 12\ \text{MJ/kg}. \]

He cannot dissipate energy slower than this — otherwise he will escape back to a long elliptical orbit.

3. One radian corresponds to time \[ R_{\oplus}/v \approx (6400\rm km) / (11\rm km/s) ≈ 600\ s \]

5. Therefore the required dissipation rate is \( 12,000\rm\ kJ/kg / (600\ s) \approx 20\ kW/kg \)

6. Only a portion of this heat can be absorbed into the gas or shock layer.

A significant fraction must be radiated from the surface.

A hot solid radiating at 1500–1800 K can reject only 50–150 kW/m² without melting (blackbody upper bound) [2].

7. Therefore the wing must have radiating area at least \(\frac{20\ \rm kW/kg}{100\ \rm kW/m^2} ≈ 0.2\rm m^2/kg \).

8. For a 200 kg capsule, this gives a minimum wing area of order of 40 m² (e.g. 10 m × 4 m).

9. In this case, the most of the "up-side-down" flight with the anti-lift should be performed at altitude of order of a hundred km; the Protagonist cannot approach closer before to dissipate the most of his kinetic energy, in order to keep moderate rate of dissipation.

Notes by Editor

The estimates above are performed with help of ChatGPT.

The estimates show that concept of the fall from the Moon to the Earth with a big temperature-resistant wing is
not so absurd as the spacecrafts shown in movies "Star wars" [3] and
not so absurd as reported properties of satellite "Yubiliny" that "changes is orbit due to the inertial propulsion with the peretual motion machine «Gravitsapa»" [4][5].

The sci-fi project above looks still more realistic, than projects to decontaminate lands from unstable isotopes using the sunflowers [6][7], see also «Phytoextraction‎‎», «Phytoextraction‎‎J».

Notes by ChatGPT

References

  1. https://aerospaceweb.org/design/waverider/design.shtml?utm_source=chatgpt.com Hypersonic Vehicle Design (2025) .. The wind-tunnel tests conducted on the vehicle shown above indicate that the design is capable of a maximum lift-to-drag ratio of about 5.5 at an angle of attack of about 4°.
  2. The relevant URL shoal be supplied here.
  3. https://editorial.rottentomatoes.com/guide/star-wars-movies-in-order/ STAR WARS MOVIES IN ORDER: HOW TO WATCH THE SAGA CHRONOLOGICALLY (2025)
  4. https://english.pravda.ru/science/107399-russian_scientists/ ALEX NAUMOV 14.04.2009 04:32 Russian scientists test perpetual motion machine in space .. SCIENCE » TECHNOLOGIES AND DISCOVERIES Specialists of the Institute for Space Systems conducted successful tests of the perpetual motion machine in space. Valery Menshikov, the director of the institute, said that the machine was installed at Yubileiny satellite which was launched into orbit almost a year ago. The satellite can now move from one orbit to another with the help of the engine, which discharges no reaction mass. ..
  5. https://www.gazeta.ru/science/2010/02/22_a_3328272.shtml 22 февраля 2010, 22:16 Наука // «Гравицапа» с проблемами // Что за «гравицапу» испытывают российские ученые // Николай Подорванюк // На борту российского спутника «Юбилейный» проходят испытания «гравицапы» — движителя, который должен работать вопреки законам физики. Несмотря на в целом «положительные результаты испытаний», сдвинуть спутник со своей орбиты не удалось. И не удастся.
  6. https://www.aesj.net/document/fukushima_vol2/Vol2_02_015-021_web.pdf Results of Removing Radioactive Cesium from the Shallow Rice Fields by Planting Sunflower. - Report from the Survey Team on the Absorption and Adsorption of Cesium by Planting Sunflower- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Osamu Amano .. XI. Conclusion: Effectiveness of Decontamination Using Sunflowers Assuming that sunflower roots can adsorb 8,000 Bq/kg of cesium and that they are grown twice a year at an interval of 15 cm, 30% of the cesium can be removed from shallow paddies and fields each year.
  7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41246929/ Ming Sun, Xi Chen, Chao-Hui Yang, Yu-Han Wen, Yu-Meng Fan, Ming-Qin Feng, Ze-Min Zhang, Guo Wu, Qun Li. Phytoremediation of strontium by different sunflower cultivars (Helianthus annuus L.): insights from accumulation traits and subcellular distribution. Int J Phytoremediation 2025 Nov 17:1-10. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2025.2586803. .. Radioactive 90Sr endangers ecosystems and human health owing to its long half-life and high food chain mobility. Phytoremediation is a promising alternative to conventional remediation. This study aimed to screen sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) varieties with high Sr accumulation and clarify the underlying mechanisms. Nine varieties were grown in Sr-contaminated soil (1000 mg·kg-1), assessed by emergence rate, biomass, per-plant Sr accumulation, biological concentration factor (BCF), and translocation factor (TF). Sr accumulation varied significantly among varieties (50.03-264.13 mg·pot-1). "TK-39" showed the highest accumulation (264.13 mg·pot-1), high BCF (0.173), and TF (7.98), with no significant biomass loss. Tissue analysis revealed Sr mainly accumulated in leaves (4108.61 mg·kg-1 DW), followed by stalks/stems, and least in seed shells (27.07 mg·kg-1 DW) and seeds (7.90 mg·kg-1 DW). Subcellularly, Sr localized in cell walls (roots: 60%, stems: 53%, and leaves: 73%). Chemically, it existed as pectates/protein complexes (roots: 63%, stems: 51%, and leaves: 44%). "TK-39" is promising for Sr phytoremediation, with mechanistic insights provided for sunflower application in radioactive Sr-contaminated soil remediation.